{"id":3289,"date":"2022-05-20T11:59:15","date_gmt":"2022-05-20T08:59:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/turknetwp.local\/?p=3289"},"modified":"2024-01-15T12:12:11","modified_gmt":"2024-01-15T09:12:11","slug":"ters-reverse-proxy-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.turk.net\/blog\/ters-reverse-proxy-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"Ters (Reverse) Proxy Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0130nternete eri\u015fim s\u0131ras\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan ara sunuculara Proxy ya da vekil sunucu denir. Bir web sitesine girdi\u011finiz zaman taray\u0131c\u0131 ilk olarak Proxy ile ba\u011flant\u0131 kurar. Proxy de o sayfaya ba\u011flan\u0131r, i\u00e7eri\u011fi al\u0131r ve sonra da i\u00e7eri\u011fi taray\u0131c\u0131ya g\u00f6nderir. Proxy, istemcideki i\u00e7erikleri farkl\u0131 sunuculara iletir. Ters Proxy ise a\u011f trafi\u011finin d\u00fczg\u00fcn ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Peki ters (reverse) Proxy nedir? Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda bu sorunun cevab\u0131n\u0131 verdik.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ters Proxy Nedir?<\/h2>\n

Ters Proxy, internet ve web server aras\u0131ndaki a\u011f trafi\u011finin d\u00fczg\u00fcn ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ters Proxy, istemci ad\u0131na kaynaklar\u0131 al\u0131r ve daha sonra istemciye bu kaynaklar\u0131 geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcr. Ters Proxy, g\u00fcvenlik, h\u0131z, gizlilik gibi pek \u00e7ok konuda kullan\u0131c\u0131lara yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ters Proxy ve Normal Proxy Aras\u0131ndaki Farklar Nelerdir?<\/span><\/h2>\n

Normal bir proxy sunucusu ve bir ters proxy sunucusu aras\u0131ndaki temel fark, hizmet verdikleri taraft\u0131r. Normal bir proxy, genellikle bir istemci ad\u0131na (\u00f6rne\u011fin bir web taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131) hareket eder ve internete \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerde kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n kimli\u011fini gizler. Bu, kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n anonimli\u011fini koruma ve istenmeyen i\u00e7erikleri filtreleme yetene\u011fi sa\u011flar. \u00d6te yandan, bir ters proxy sunucusu genellikle bir veya daha fazla sunucu ad\u0131na hareket eder. \u0130stemcilerden gelen trafi\u011fi bir dizi sunucuya y\u00f6nlendirir ve genellikle y\u00fck dengelemesi, SSL sertifikalar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netme ve \u00f6nbellekleme gibi \u00f6zellikleriyle performans\u0131 iyile\u015ftirir ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sa\u011flar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ters Proxy Ne i\u00e7in Kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h2>\n

Ters Proxy kullan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 sebep olabilir. Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n genellikle ters Proxy kullanmalar\u0131n\u0131n sebebi gizliliklerini ve g\u00fcvenliklerini sa\u011flamak. Ters Proxy, sunuculara y\u00f6nelen istekleri engeller ve kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n kimliklerini korurken, ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilecek siber sald\u0131r\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 ek bir savunma g\u00f6revi g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Ters Proxy kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n bir di\u011fer sebebi ise web trafi\u011fini h\u0131zland\u0131rmak. Ters Proxy, servis y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc birka\u00e7 sunucuya da\u011f\u0131tarak web trafi\u011fini h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131r. SSL \u015fifreleme gibi ek hizmetlerle de performans iyile\u015ftirmeleri sa\u011flar. Ayr\u0131ca Ters Proxy, web trafi\u011finin y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc dengeleyerek h\u0131z ve kapasiteyi en \u00fcst seviyeye \u00e7\u0131karmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ters Proxy Nas\u0131l Kurulur?<\/h2>\n

Ters Proxy konusunda en bilinen yaz\u0131l\u0131m Nginx yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131. Bunun i\u00e7in de \u00f6ncelikle Nginx indirmeniz ve daha sonra sanal sunucunuzu devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakman\u0131z gerekir. Bu ad\u0131m\u0131 yapt\u0131ktan sonra ters vekil sunucusu i\u00e7in bir reserve dosyas\u0131 olu\u015fturmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. Son olarak ise bir yap\u0131land\u0131rma testi yapmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. Do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde kurulumu tamamlamak i\u00e7in t\u00fcm ad\u0131mlara dikkat etmelisiniz. Ters Proxy kurulumunu daha iyi anlamak i\u00e7in internette yer alan \u00e7e\u015fitli dok\u00fcman ve videolardan faydalanabilirsiniz.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ters Proxy Faydalar\u0131 Nelerdir?<\/h2>\n

Ters Proxy teknolojisi kullan\u0131c\u0131lara \u00e7e\u015fitli faydalar sunuyor. \u0130lk olarak kimli\u011finizi gizleyerek istedi\u011finiz internet sitelerini g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde ziyaret edebilirsiniz. Ayr\u0131ca Ters Proxy, ziyaret edilen siteleri \u00f6n belle\u011fine al\u0131r. Bu sayede kullan\u0131c\u0131lara daha fazla h\u0131z sa\u011flar. Ayr\u0131ca Ters Proxy ile daha fazla kontrol elde edersiniz. Ters Proxy ile verileri engelleyebilirsiniz ya da istenmeyen verileri de\u011fi\u015ftirerek g\u00f6rebilirsiniz. Baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde yasaklanan sitelere eri\u015fim i\u00e7in de zaman zaman Ters Proxy kullan\u0131lmakta. Ters Proxy, ev internetinde kullan\u0131c\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ok s\u0131k tercih edilmezse de VPN uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n bir\u00e7o\u011fu \u00fccretlidir. Bu sebeple Proxy uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fccretsiz bir \u015fekilde kullan\u0131labilmesi, ev internet kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131na avantaj sa\u011flar. Ters Proxy, genel olarak internet servis sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 ve b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015firketler taraf\u0131ndan g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a fazla tercih edilirler.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6zetle, Ters Proxy\u2019nin kullan\u0131m sebeplerine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak pek \u00e7ok avantaj\u0131 bulunmakta. En b\u00fcy\u00fck avantaj\u0131 ise h\u0131z\u0131 art\u0131rmas\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sa\u011flamas\u0131. Sunuculara web y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc b\u00f6ler ve bu sayede performans artar. Buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak daha h\u0131zl\u0131 bir internet ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 elde edersiniz. Ayr\u0131ca kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n kimliklerini korur. Fakat unutmaman\u0131z gereken nokta internette hi\u00e7bir \u015feyin imkans\u0131z olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131. Ters Proxy kullan\u0131m\u0131 direkt web sitelerine yap\u0131lan bir siber sald\u0131r\u0131da koruma sa\u011flamaz. Bunun i\u00e7in daha farkl\u0131 \u00f6nlemler alman\u0131z gerekmekte. Yine de Ters Proxy pek \u00e7ok konuda daha g\u00fcvenli bir internet deneyimi sunuyor. Farkl\u0131 Proxy sitelerini ara\u015ft\u0131rarak ve inceleyerek siz de kurulumunu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilirsiniz.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Reverse Proxy Y\u00fck Dengelemesi Nas\u0131l Yapar?<\/span><\/h2>\n

Ters Proxy’nin y\u00fck dengelemesi, birden fazla sunucu \u00fczerinden gelen trafi\u011fi e\u015fit bir \u015fekilde da\u011f\u0131tma yetene\u011fi sayesinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. Bu, y\u00fcksek trafi\u011fi olan web siteleri i\u00e7in \u00f6zellikle \u00f6nemlidir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc hi\u00e7bir sunucunun di\u011ferlerinden daha fazla y\u00fcklenmemesini sa\u011flar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ters Proxy’nin y\u00fck dengelemesi, genellikle bir algoritma yard\u0131m\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. En yayg\u0131n algoritmalar round-robin, en az ba\u011flant\u0131 ve IP tabanl\u0131 y\u00fck dengelemesini i\u00e7erir:<\/span><\/p>\n

Round-Robin: Bu y\u00f6ntem, t\u00fcm sunucular aras\u0131nda istekleri s\u0131rayla da\u011f\u0131t\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir sunucu k\u00fcmesindeki ilk istek sunucu 1’e gider, ikinci istek sunucu 2’ye, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc istek sunucu 3’e ve bu b\u00f6yle devam eder. Bu d\u00f6ng\u00fc, t\u00fcm sunucular\u0131n e\u015fit y\u00fck almas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/span><\/p>\n

En Az Ba\u011flant\u0131: Bu algoritma, en az say\u0131da aktif ba\u011flant\u0131ya sahip olan sunucuya yeni istekleri y\u00f6nlendirir. Yani e\u011fer bir sunucu di\u011ferlerinden daha az y\u00fckl\u00fcyse, yeni istekler bu sunucuya y\u00f6nlendirilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

IP Tabanl\u0131: Bu y\u00f6ntemde, istemcinin IP adresi<\/a>, gelen isteklerin hangi sunucuya y\u00f6nlendirilece\u011fini belirlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu, belirli bir kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n her zaman ayn\u0131 sunucuyla ileti\u015fim kurmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Y\u00fck dengelemesi, bir sunucunun ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olmas\u0131 durumunda da faydal\u0131d\u0131r. E\u011fer bir sunucu hizmet d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kal\u0131rsa, ters proxy otomatik olarak trafi\u011fi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan di\u011fer sunuculara y\u00f6nlendirir. Bu sayede, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n deneyiminde herhangi bir kesinti ya\u015fanmaz.<\/span><\/p>\n

Reverse Proxy G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Nas\u0131l Sa\u011flar?<\/span><\/h2>\n

Ters proxy, web sunucusu ve kullan\u0131c\u0131lar aras\u0131nda bir tampon olu\u015fturarak g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sa\u011flar. Bu tampon, k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 trafi\u011fi filtreleyerek ve sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6nleyerek web sunucusunu korur. Ters proxy ayr\u0131ca SSL\/TLS sertifikalar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6neterek g\u00fcvenli ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 destekler. Bu, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n sunucuya g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar ve ayn\u0131 zamanda web sunucusunun y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc hafifletir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc sertifika y\u00f6netimi ve \u015fifreleme i\u015flemlerini ters proxy sunucusu \u00fczerine al\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Reverse Proxy Performans\u0131 Nas\u0131l Art\u0131r\u0131r?<\/span><\/h2>\n

Ters proxy, performans\u0131 art\u0131rma konusunda birka\u00e7 farkl\u0131 strateji kullanabilir. \u0130lk olarak, \u00f6nbellekleme yetene\u011fine sahiptir, bu da s\u0131k\u00e7a istenen verilerin h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde istemcilere sunulabilmesini sa\u011flar. \u0130kincisi, y\u00fck dengelemesi ile birden \u00e7ok sunucuya gelen trafi\u011fi da\u011f\u0131tarak t\u00fcm sunucular\u0131n e\u015fit oranda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar ve b\u00f6ylece her bir sunucunun kapasitesinin tam olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Reverse Proxy’nin \u0130\u015fletim Maliyeti Nedir?<\/span><\/h2>\n

Ters proxy’nin i\u015fletim maliyeti, se\u00e7ilen \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn t\u00fcr\u00fcne, ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan \u00f6zelliklere ve hizmet seviyesine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de\u011fi\u015fir. Baz\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler a\u00e7\u0131k kaynakl\u0131 ve \u00fccretsiz olabilirken, di\u011ferleri lisanslama, bak\u0131m ve destek maliyetlerine sahip olabilir. Ancak genellikle, ters proxy’nin sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 faydalar – daha iyi performans, g\u00fcvenlik ve y\u00fck dengelemesi – bu maliyetleri hakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ters (Reverse) Proxy’nin Avantajlar\u0131 ve Dezavantajlar\u0131 Nelerdir?<\/span><\/h2>\n

Ters (Reverse) Proxy’nin bir dizi avantaj\u0131 ve dezavantaj\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, bir i\u015fletmenin ya da bireysel bir kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n, Reverse Proxy teknolojisinin gerekliliklerine uygun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Avantajlar\u0131:<\/span><\/p>\n

Y\u00fck Dengeleme: Ters Proxy, gelen trafi\u011fi birden fazla sunucu aras\u0131nda da\u011f\u0131tarak, sunucular\u0131n e\u015fit y\u00fck almas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Bu, sitenin performans\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r ve tek bir sunucunun a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fcklenmesini \u00f6nler.<\/span><\/p>\n

G\u00fcvenlik: Ters Proxy, sunucular\u0131 do\u011frudan sald\u0131r\u0131lardan korur. \u0130stemcilerin do\u011frudan sunucularla ileti\u015fim kurmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyerek, potansiyel sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 filtreler ve sunucu \u00fczerindeki g\u00fcvenlik risklerini azalt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

SSL \u015eifrelemesi: Ters Proxy, SSL \u015fifrelemesini y\u00f6netme ve hafifletme yetene\u011fine sahiptir. Bu, sunucular\u0131n i\u015flem y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc azalt\u0131r ve genel performans\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dezavantajlar\u0131:<\/span><\/p>\n

Ekstra Maliyet: Bir Ters Proxy kurulumu ve bak\u0131m\u0131, ek donan\u0131m ve yaz\u0131l\u0131m maliyetlerine yol a\u00e7abilir. Bu, baz\u0131 durumlarda, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck i\u015fletmeler veya bireysel kullan\u0131c\u0131lar i\u00e7in maliyetli olabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tek Noktadan Ar\u0131za: T\u00fcm trafi\u011fi y\u00f6neten bir Ters Proxy, potansiyel bir tek noktadan ar\u0131za olu\u015fturabilir. E\u011fer Ters Proxy ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olursa, t\u00fcm sistem etkilenebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Performans Engelleri: Ters Proxy, hatal\u0131 konfig\u00fcre edilmi\u015fse veya yetersiz donan\u0131mla \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorsa, sistem performans\u0131n\u0131 olumsuz etkileyebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130nternete eri\u015fim s\u0131ras\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan ara sunuculara Proxy ya da vekil sunucu denir. Bir web sitesine girdi\u011finiz zaman taray\u0131c\u0131 ilk olarak Proxy ile ba\u011flant\u0131 kurar. Proxy de o sayfaya ba\u011flan\u0131r, i\u00e7eri\u011fi al\u0131r ve sonra da i\u00e7eri\u011fi taray\u0131c\u0131ya g\u00f6nderir. Proxy, istemcideki i\u00e7erikleri farkl\u0131 sunuculara iletir. Ters Proxy ise a\u011f trafi\u011finin d\u00fczg\u00fcn ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Peki ters (reverse) Proxy […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":4864,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3289","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-internet-terimleri"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nTers (Reverse) Proxy Nedir? - Turknet Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ters (reverse) proxy nedir? Nas\u0131l kurulur ve neden kullan\u0131l\u0131r? 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